AN-2718,

2,1-Benzoxaborole, 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-

5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-l-hydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole

5-Chloro-2,1-benzoxaborol-1(3H)-ol

CAS 174672-06-1
UNII: 810U6C2DGG

MW 168.3864, MF C7 H6 B Cl O2

MP…150-154 °C [WO 9533754]

MP 142-144 °C  [ jmc 2006, 49(15) 447]

M.p. 147- 149 °C. WO2013050591

Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc,  INNOVATOR

Onychomycosis is a disease of the nail caused by yeast, dermatophytes, or other molds, and represents approximately 50% of all nail disorders. Toenail infection accounts for approximately 80% of onychomycosis incidence, while fingernails are affected in about 20% of the cases. Dermatophytes are the most frequent cause of nail plate invasion, particularly in toenail onychomycosis. Onychomycosis caused by a dermatophyte is termed Tinea unguium. Trichophyton rubrum is by far the most frequently isolated dermatophyte, followed by T. mentagrophytes. Distal subungual onychomycosis is the most common presentation of tinea unguium, with the main site of entry through the hyponychium (the thickened epidermis underneath the free distal end of a nail) progressing in time to involve the nail bed and the nail plate. Discoloration, onycholysis, and accumulation of subungual debris and nail plate dystrophy characterize the disease. The disease adversely affects the quality of life of its victims, with subject complaints ranging from unsightly nails and discomfort with footwear, to more serious complications including secondary bacterial infections.

Many methods are known for the treatment of fungal infections, including the oral and topical use of antibiotics (e.g., nystatin and amphotericin B), imidazole anti-fungal agents such as miconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole, econazole and sulconazole, and non-imidazole fungal agents such as the allylamine derivatives terbinafme and naftifϊne, and the benzylamine butenafine.  However, onychomycosis has proven to be resistant to most treatments. Nail fungal infections reside in an area difficult to access by conventional topical treatment and anti-fungal drugs cannot readily penetrate the nail plate to reach the infection sites under the nail. Therefore, onychomycosis has traditionally been treated by oral administration of anti-fungal drugs; however, clearly this is undesirable due to the potential for side effects of such drugs, in particular those caused by the more potent anti-fungal drugs such as itraconazole and ketoconazole. An alternative method of treatment of onychomycosis is by removal of the nail before treating with a topically active anti-fungal agent; such a method of treatment is equally undesirable. Systemic antimycotic agents require prolonged use and have the potential for significant side effects. Topical agents have usually been of little benefit, primarily because of poor penetration of the anti-fungal agents into and through the nail mass.

• 51. Hui X, Baker SJ, Wester RC, In Vitro penetration of a novel oxaborole antifungal (AN2690) into the human nail plate. J Pharm Sci 2007;96(10):2622-31 [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®]
• 55. Mao W, Seiradake E, Crepin T, AN2718 has Broad Spectrum Antifungal Activity Necessary for the Topical Treatment of Skin and Nail Fungal Infections. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007:56(2 Suppl):AB124
• 56. ClinicalTrials.gov. Cumulative Irritation Test. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00781664 [Cited 11 December 2011]

SYNTHESIS

Reduction of 2-bromo-5-chlorobenzoic acid with BH3/THF in THF gives 2-bromo-5-chlorobenzyl alcohol , which is protected as the methoxymethyl derivative  by treatment with MOM-Cl in the presence of DIEA in CH2Cl2. Metalation and boronylation of aryl bromide either with t-BuLi or BuLi (1,2,3,4) and (i-PrO)3B (4) or B(OMe)3  in THF affords the title compound .

Alternatively, reaction of 3-chlorobenzaldehyde  with p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide in MeOH provides tosyl hydrazone  which undergoes thermal decomposition in the presence of BBr3 and catalytic FeCl3 in refluxing CH2Cl2, followed by heating with aqueous NaOH to produce the title oxaborole compound .

You can construct from this…………….

OH       A

(2-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl)methanol (A)

 B

l-bromo-4-chloro-2-(methoxymethoxymethyl)benzene (B)

 1

5-chloro-l-hydroxy-3H-2,l-benzoxaborole (1)

PATENT

WO 9533754

https://www.google.com/patents/WO1995033754A1?cl=en

Example 1 Preparation of 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-l-hydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole (Method B).

a)

Preparation of 3-chlorobenzaldehyde tosyl hydrazide

A solution of 3-chlorobenzaldehyde (15.56 parts; 0.109M;

Aldrich) in methylated spirits (40 ml) was added slowly at below 10°C to a stirred suspension of p-toluene-sulphonylhydrazide (20.7 parts;

0.108M) in methylated spirits (150 ml). The reaction mass was then stirred at 20 to 25°C for 1 hour and then heated at 60-70°C for 1M hours when the reactants and products dissolved. The solvent was then removed by rotary evaporation and the product was obtained as a solid which was slurried with ether and washed with n-hexane. Yield = 27.2 parts (81.5% theory) mpt 122-3°C. Elemental analysis

Theory 54.5%C; 4.2%H; 9.1%N

Found 54.5%C; 4.3%H; 9.1%N

Proton NMR (CDCl₃:ppm)

8.5, s, 1H(-NH-); 7.9, d, 2H(Tosyl aromatic); 7.7,s, 1H(CH=N); 7.5, s, 1H (aromatic); 7.2-7.4, m, 5H(Tosyl aromatic); 2.3, s, 3H(-CH₃) b) Preparation of title compound

A suspension of anhydrous ferric chloride catalyst (0.75 parts, Fisons) in dry dichloromethane (20 ml) was added at 20 to 25°C simultaneously with boron tribromide (25 parts, 0.1M, Aldrich) in dry dichloromethane (100 mis) to a stirred suspension of the hydrazide from a) above (10.18 part, 0.033M) in dry dichloromethane (160 mis) under a nitrogen blanket. The reactants were then stirred under reflux and the evolved hydrogen bromide trapped under aqueous sodium hydroxide. After 3 hours stirring at reflux, the reactants were allowed to stand at 20- 25°C for 48 hours and then stirred under reflux for a further 4 hours. The reaction mass was then cooled and the solvent removed by rotary evaporation. The solid obtained was then stirred under reflux with 2N sodium hydroxide solution (160 ml) for 3 hours. The brown aqueous suspension was extracted with dichloromethane (50 ml), screened and then acidified to about pH 2 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid. The solid was filtered, slurried with dichloromethane (400 ml) and then washed with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate followed by water.

Yield = 24 parts (43% theory). The solid was slurried in hot

dichloromethane and filtered to give 0.36 parts oxaborole mp 140-45°C. The dichloromethane solution was cooled and the solid filtered giving a further 0.35 parts oxaborole mp 146-8°C. The solids were combined and recrystallised from methylated spirits.

Yield = 0.51 parts (9.2% theory) mp 150-4°C.

Elemental Analysis

Theory 49.8%C, 3.5%H, 21.06%C1

Found 49.5%C, 3.5%H, 21.0%C1

Proton NMR (CDCl₃) ppm

9.3, s, 1H(-OH); 7.5, d, s, d, 3H(aromatic);

5.0, s, 2H(-CH₂-O).

PATENT

WO 2006089067

http://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2006089067A2?cl=en

Analytical data for exemplary compounds of structure I are provided below.

4.2. a 5-Chloro-1.3-dihydro-l -hvdroxy-2J-benzoxaborole (Cl)  M.ρ. 142-15O⁰C. MS (ESI): m/z = 169 (M+l, positive) and 167 (M-I, negative). HPLC (220 nm): 99% purity. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 9.30 (s, IH), 7.71 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, IH), 7.49 (s, IH), 7.38 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, IH) and 4.96 (s, 2H) ppm.

PAPER

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm0603724?source=chemport

COMPD IS 19d

5-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole (19d) This compound was made from 18d in the same manner as compound 19b (triturated with hexane, 75% yield):: mp 142-144°C. 1 H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 4.96 (s, 2H), 7.38 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 9.30 (s, 1H); ESI-MS m/z 167 (M-H)- ; HPLC purity 99.0%; Anal (C7H6BClO2 ⋅ 0.1H2O) C, H

precursor 18d

2-Bromo-5-chloro-1-(methoxymethoxymethyl)benzene (18d) To a solution of 2-bromo-5-chlorobenzoic acid (5.49 g, 23.3 mmol) in anhydrous THF (70 mL) under nitrogen was added dropwise a BH3 THF solution (1.0 M, 55 mL) at 0o C and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Then the mixture was cooled on an ice bath and MeOH (20 mL) was added dropwise to decompose excess BH3. The resulting mixture was stirred until no bubble was released and then 10% NaOH (10 mL) was added. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was S6 mixed with water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc. The residue from rotary evaporation was purified by silica gel column chromatography (5:1 hexane/EtOAc) to give 2-bromo-5-chlorobenzyl alcohol as a white solid (4.58 g, 88%): 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 7.57 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.24 (m, 1H), 5.59 (t, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H). 2-Bromo-5-chlorobenzyl alcohol obtained above was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (150 mL) and cooled to 0o C on an ice bath. To this solution under nitrogen were added in sequence i-Pr2NEt (5.4 mL, 31 mmol) and chloromethyl methyl ether (2.0 mL, 26 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and washed with NaHCO3-saturated water and then brine. The residue after rotary evaporation was purified by silica gel column chromatography (5:1 hexane/EtOAc) to give 18d (4.67 g, 85%) as a colorless oil: 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 3.30 (s, 3H), 4.53 (s, 2H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J = 2.4, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H).

PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2013050591A2?cl=en

EXAMPLES Example 1 : Preparation of 5-chloro-l-hydroxy-3H-2,l-benzoxaborole (1)

Step 1 : Preparation of (2-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl)methanol (A)

A solution of borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in THF (0.15 L, 1.5 eq) was added dropwise to a solution of 2-bromo-5-chlorobenzoic acid (24 g) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (0.24 L) at 0°C and under argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, before being slowly poured onto 0.10 L of a 2N aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride at 0°C. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were washed with a IN aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and then water. After drying over sodium sulfate, filtration and concentration under reduced pressure, the crude product was purified by column chromatography; 23.2 g; M.p. 79-80 °C.

Step 2: Preparation of l-bromo-4-chloro-2-(methoxymethoxymethyl)benzene (B)

(2-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl)methanol (A, 12 g) was dissolved in dichloromethane (0.35 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Under argon atmosphere, diisopropylethylamine (14 mL, 1.5 eq) and chloromethyl methyl ether (5.0 mL, 1.2 eq) were added. After 1 night of stirring at room temperature, the crude reaction mixture was washed with a saturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. Purification by column chromatography afforded 10.5 g of l-bromo-4-chloro-2- (methoxymethoxymethyl)benzene (B) as an oil.

Step 3: Preparation of 5-chloro-l-hydroxy-3H-2,l-benzoxaborole (1)

To a solution of (B) (6.0 g) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (120 mL) at -78°C was added dropwise a solution of butyllithium in hexane (15.6 mL, 1.1 eq). To the resulting yellow- brown solution trimethyl borate (2.5 mL, 1.0 eq) was injected in one portion and the cooling bath was removed. The mixture was warmed gradually for 30 minutes. After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, 8.0 ml of a 6N aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride were added and the reaction mixture was left stirring overnight at room temperature. Evaporation of the volatiles gave a residue which was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate and then evaporated. The crude product was crystallized from ethyl acetate to give 1.4 g of 5-chloro-l-hydroxy-3H-2,l-benzoxaborole (1) as a white powder. Purification of the filtrate by column chromatography afforded 1.2 g more of 1. M.p. 147- 149 °C.

PATENT

http://www.google.fr/patents/WO2010110400A1?cl=en&hl=fr

Reference Example 187
5-chloro-2,1-benzoxazine ball roll -1 (3H) – All

5-chloro-2- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) benzaldehyde 8.50g synthesized in Reference Example 185 was dissolved in methanol 100ml, borohydride Sodium 2.40g was added, and after stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature and stirred for 2 hours at 60 ℃. The reaction solution was concentrated, and the organic layer after the layers were separated with ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was added 100ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 6N hydrochloric acid 60ml, and stirred for 8 hours at room temperature.After the reaction mixture was dried and the organic layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to give the title compound 9.6g. ¹ H-NMR (400MHz, _{DMSO-d 6)} ^δ: 4.95 (2H, s), 7.36 (1H, dd, J = 8.0,1.6Hz), 7.47 (1H, s) , 7.70 (1H, d, J = 8.0Hz), 9.28 (1H, s).

PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2008070257A2?cl=en

5-Fluoro-l,3-dihvdro-l-hvdroxy-2, 1-benzoxaborole (Cl)

1-Hydroxy-dihydrobenzoxaboroles, such as Cl, were synthesized as shown in Scheme 1. The protected o-bromobenzyl alcohol derivative (18), prepared from 16 or 17, was converted into the corresponding phenyl boronic acid. Deprotection of the methoxymethyl ether using hydrochloric acid followed by spontaneous cyclization gave the target compounds.

Scheme 7

Conditions (a) NaBH₄, MeOH, rt (when X = H ), or BH₃-THF, THF, rt (when X = OH), (b) MeOCH₂CI, /-Pr₂NEt, CH₂CI₂, rt, (c) MeMgBr, THF, -78 ⁰C to rt , (d) NBS, AIBN, CCI₄, reflux, (e) NaOAc, DM F, 70 ⁰C, (f) NaOH, MeOH, reflux, (g) n-BuLι, (/-PrO)₃B, THF, -78⁰C to rt, (h) 6N HCI, THF, rt

References

1. Hui, Xiaoying; Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2007, 96(10), Pg2622-2631 
2.  Baker, Stephen J.; Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2006, 49(15), Pg4447-4450 
3. Austin, Peter William; WO 9533754 A1 1995 CAPLUS

see full series on boroles

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//////////AN-2718,   Borole, PHASE 2

B1(c2ccc(cc2CO1)Cl)O