Quantcast
Channel: DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D – New Drug Approvals
Viewing all articles
Browse latest Browse all 1640
↧

FAVIPIRAVIR, ファビピラビル

March 20, 2020, 10:44 pm
$
0
0

 

FAVIPIRAVIR
Toyama (Originator)
RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase (NS5B) Inhibitors
Chemical Formula: C5H4FN3O2
CAS #: 259793-96-9
Molecular Weight: 157.1

ANTI-INFLUENZA COMPOUND
clinical trials  http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/intervention=Favipiravir
Chemical Name: 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
Synonyms: T-705, T705, Favipiravir

ChemSpider 2D Image | favipiravir | C5H4FN3O2

  • Molecular FormulaC5H4FN3O2
  • Average mass157.103 Da
259793-96-9 [RN]
2-Pyrazinecarboxamide, 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-
6-Fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide
6-Fluoro-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
8916
Avigan

ファビピラビル
Favipiravir

6-Fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide

C5H4FN3O2 : 157.1
[259793-96-9]

https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000210319.pdf

The drug substance is a white to light yellow powder. It is sparingly soluble in acetonitrile and in methanol, and slightly soluble in water and in ethanol (99.5). It is slightly soluble at pH 2.0 to 5.5 and sparingly soluble at pH 5.5 to 6.1. The drug substance is not hygroscopic at 25°C/51% to 93%RH. The melting point is 187°C to 193°C, and the dissociation constant (pKa) is 5.1 due to the hydroxyl group of favipiravir. Measurement results on the partition ratio of favipiravir in water/octanol at 25°C indicate that favipiravir tends to be distributed in the 1-octanol phase at pH 2 to 4 and in the water phase at pH 5 to 13.

Any batch manufactured by the current manufacturing process is in Form A. The stability study does not show any change in crystal form over time; and a change from Form A to Form B is unlikely.

Experimental Properties

PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
melting point (°C) 187℃ to 193℃ https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000210319.pdf
water solubility slightly soluble in water https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000210319.pdf
pKa 5.1 https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000210319.pdf
T-705 is an RNA-directed RNA polymerase (NS5B) inhibitor which has been filed for approval in Japan for the oral treatment of influenza A (including avian and H1N1 infections) and for the treatment of influenza B infection.
The compound is a unique viral RNA polymerase inhibitor, acting on viral genetic copying to prevent its reproduction, discovered by Toyama Chemical. In 2005, Utah State University carried out various studies under its contract with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and demonstrated that T-705 has exceptionally potent activity in mouse infection models of H5N1 avian influenza.
T-705 (Favipiravir) is an antiviral pyrazinecarboxamide-based, inhibitor of of the influenza virus with an EC90 of 1.3 to 7.7 uM (influenza A, H5N1). EC90 ranges for other influenza A subtypes are 0.19-1.3 uM, 0.063-1.9 uM, and 0.5-3.1 uM for H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2, respectively. T-705 also exhibits activity against type B and C viruses, with EC90s of 0.25-0.57 uM and 0.19-0.36 uM, respectively. (1) Additionally, T-705 has broad activity against arenavirus, bunyavirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and West Nile virus with EC50s ranging from 5 to 300 uM.
Studies show that T-705 ribofuranosyl triphosphate is the active form of T-705 and acts like purines or purine nucleosides in cells and does not inhibit DNA synthesis
In 2012, MediVector was awarded a contract from the U.S. Department of Defense’s (DOD) Joint Project Manager Transformational Medical Technologies (JPM-TMT) to further develop T-705 (favipiravir), a broad-spectrum therapeutic against multiple influenza viruses.
Several novel anti-influenza compounds are in various phases of clinical development. One of these, T-705 (favipiravir), has a mechanism of action that is not fully understood but is suggested to target influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. We investigated the mechanism of T-705 activity against influenza A (H1N1) viruses by applying selective drug pressure over multiple sequential passages in MDCK cells. We found that T-705 treatment did not select specific mutations in potential target proteins, including PB1, PB2, PA, and NP. Phenotypic assays based on cell viability confirmed that no T-705-resistant variants were selected. In the presence of T-705, titers of infectious virus decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) during serial passage in MDCK cells inoculated with seasonal influenza A (H1N1) viruses at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI; 0.0001 PFU/cell) or with 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses at a high MOI (10 PFU/cell). There was no corresponding decrease in the number of viral RNA copies; therefore, specific virus infectivity (the ratio of infectious virus yield to viral RNA copy number) was reduced. Sequence analysis showed enrichment of G→A and C→T transversion mutations, increased mutation frequency, and a shift of the nucleotide profiles of individual NP gene clones under drug selection pressure. Our results demonstrate that T-705 induces a high rate of mutation that generates a nonviable viral phenotype and that lethal mutagenesis is a key antiviral mechanism of T-705. Our findings also explain the broad spectrum of activity of T-705 against viruses of multiple families.

Favipiravir, also known as T-705, Avigan, or favilavir is an antiviral drug being developed by Toyama Chemical (Fujifilm group) of Japan with activity against many RNA viruses. Like certain other experimental antiviral drugs (T-1105 and T-1106), it is a pyrazinecarboxamide derivative. In experiments conducted in animals Favipiravir has shown activity against influenza viruses, West Nile virus, yellow fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus as well as other flaviviruses, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses and alphaviruses.[1]Activity against enteroviruses[2] and Rift Valley fever virus has also been demonstrated.[3] Favipiravir has showed limited efficacy against Zika virus in animal studies, but was less effective than other antivirals such as MK-608.[4] The agent has also shown some efficacy against rabies,[5] and has been used experimentally in some humans infected with the virus.[6]

In February 2020 Favipiravir was being studied in China for experimental treatment of the emergent COVID-19 (novel coronavirus)disease.[7][8] On March 17 Chinese officials suggested the drug had been effective in treating COVID in Wuhan and Shenzhen.[9][10]

Discovered by Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd. in Japan, favipiravir is a modified pyrazine analog that was initially approved for therapeutic use in resistant cases of influenza.7,9 The antiviral targets RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzymes, which are necessary for the transcription and replication of viral genomes.7,12,13

Not only does favipiravir inhibit replication of influenza A and B, but the drug shows promise in the treatment of influenza strains that are resistant to neuramidase inhibitors, as well as avian influenza.9,19 Favipiravir has been investigated for the treatment of life-threatening pathogens such as Ebola virus, Lassa virus, and now COVID-19.10,14,15

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of its actions is thought to be related to the selective inhibition of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.[11] Other research suggests that favipiravir induces lethal RNA transversion mutations, producing a nonviable viral phenotype.[12] Favipiravir is a prodrug that is metabolized to its active form, favipiravir-ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate (favipiravir-RTP), available in both oral and intravenous formulations.[13][14] Human hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is believed to play a key role in this activation process.[15] Favipiravir does not inhibit RNA or DNA synthesis in mammalian cells and is not toxic to them.[1] In 2014, favipiravir was approved in Japan for stockpiling against influenza pandemics.[16] However, favipiravir has not been shown to be effective in primary human airway cells, casting doubt on its efficacy in influenza treatment.[17]

Approval status

In 2014, Japan approved Favipiravir for treating viral strains unresponsive to current antivirals.[18]

In March 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration completed a Phase III clinical trial studying the safety and efficacy of Favipiravir in the treatment of influenza.[19]

Ebola virus trials

Some research has been done suggesting that in mouse models Favipiravir may have efficacy against Ebola. Its efficacy against Ebola in humans is unproven.[20][21][22] During the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus outbreak, it was reported that a French nurse who contracted Ebola while volunteering for MSF in Liberia recovered after receiving a course of favipiravir.[23] A clinical trial investigating the use of favipiravir against Ebola virus disease was started in Guéckédou, Guinea, during December 2014.[24] Preliminary results showed a decrease in mortality rate in patients with low-to-moderate levels of Ebola virus in the blood, but no effect on patients with high levels of the virus, a group at a higher risk of death.[25] The trial design has been criticised by Scott Hammer and others for using only historical controls.[26] The results of this clinical trial were presented in February 2016 at the annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) by Daouda Sissoko[27] and published on March 1, 2016 in PLOS Medicine.[28]

SARS-CoV-2 virus disease

In March 2020, Chinese officials suggested Favipiravir may be effective in treating COVID-19.[29]

SYN

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11696-018-0654-9

Image result for FAVIPIRAVIR SYNTHESIS

Image result for FAVIPIRAVIR SYNTHESIS

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 1315 kb)

Ref

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/be8e/cb882b99204983d2f60077c7ab8b53f4d62c.pdf

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics. 2014; 8(3):117-120.

As a RNA polymerase inhibitor, 6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide commercially named favipiravir has been proved to have potent inhibitory activity against RNA viruses in vitro and in vivo. A four-step synthesis of the compound is described in this article, amidation, nitrification, reduction and fluorination with an overall yield of about 8%. In addition, we reported the crystal structure of the title compound. The molecule is almost planar and the intramolecular O−H•••O hydrogen bond makes a 6-member ring. In the crystal, molecules are packing governed by both hydrogen bonds and stacking interactions.

2.2.1. Preparation of 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide To a suspension of 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (1.4 g, 10 mmol) in 150 mL MeOH, SOCl2 was added dropwise at 40°C with magnetic stirring for 6 h resulting in a bright yellow solution. The reaction was then concentrated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 50 mL 25% aqueous ammonia and stirred overnight to get a suspension. The precipitate was collected and dried. The solid yellow-brown crude product was recrystallization with 50 mL water to get the product as pale yellow crystals (1.1 g, 78%). mp = 263-265°C. 1 H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO): δ 13.34 (brs, 1H, OH), 8.69 (s, 1H, pyrazine H), 7.93-8.11 (m, 3H, pyrazine H, CONH2). HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C5H6N3O2 + : 140.0460; found: 140.0457.

2.2.2. Preparation of 3-hydroxy-6-nitropyrazine-2- carboxamide In the solution of 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide (1.0 g, 7 mmol) in 6 mL concentrate sulfuric acid under ice-cooling, potassium nitrate (1.4 g, 14 mmol) was added. After stirring at 40°C for 4 h, the reaction mixture was poured into 60 mL water. The product was collected by fi ltration as yellow solid (0.62 g, 48%). mp = 250-252°C. 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO): δ 12.00- 15.00 (br, 1H, OH), 8.97 (s, 1H, pyrazine H), 8.32 (s, 1H, CONH2), 8.06 (s, 1H, CONH2). 13C-NMR (75 MHz, DMSO): δ 163.12, 156.49, 142.47, 138.20, 133.81. HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C5H5N4O4 + : 185.0311; found: 185.0304.

2.2.3. Preparation of 6-amino-3-hydroxypyrazine-2- carboxamide 3-Hydroxy-6-nitropyrazine-2-carboxamide (0.6 g, 3.3 mmol) and a catalytic amount of raney nickel were suspended in MeOH, then hydrazine hydrate was added dropwise. The resulting solution was refl uxed 2 h, cooled, filtered with diatomite, and then MeOH is evaporated in vacuo to get the crude product as dark brown solid without further purification (0.4 g, 77%). HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C5H7N4O2 + : 155.0569; found:155.0509.

2.2.4. Preparation of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2- carboxamide To a solution of 6-amino-3-hydroxypyrazine-2- carboxamide (0.4 g, 2.6 mmol) in 3 mL 70% HFpyridine aqueous at -20°C under nitrogen atmosphere, sodium nitrate (0.35 g, 5.2 mmol) was added. After stirring 20 min, the solution was warmed to room temperature for another one hour. Then 20 mL ethyl acetate/water (1:1) were added, after separation of the upper layer, the aqueous phase is extracted with four 20 mL portions of ethyl acetate. The combined extracts are dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to get crude product as oil. The crude product was purified by chromatography column as white solid (0.12 g, 30%). mp = 178-180°C. 1 H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO): δ 12.34 (brs, 1H, OH), 8.31 (d, 1H, pyrazine H, J = 8.0 Hz), 7.44 (s, 1H, CONH2), 5.92 (s, 1H, CONH2). 13C-NMR (75 MHz, DMSO): δ 168.66, 159.69, 153.98, 150.76, 135.68. HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C5H5FN3O2 + : 158.0366; found: 158.0360.

SEE

Chemical Papers (2019), 73(5), 1043-1051.

PAPER

Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) (2018), 14(6), 595-603

http://www.eurekaselect.com/158990/article

PATENT

CN 107641106

PAPER

Chemical Papers (2017), 71(11), 2153-2158.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11696-017-0208-6

Image result for A practical and step-economic route to Favipiravir

Image result for A practical and step-economic route to Favipiravir

Image result for A practical and step-economic route to Favipiravir

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 514 kb)

References

  1.  Furuta, Y.; Takahashi, K.; Shiraki, K.; Sakamoto, K.; Smee, D. F.; Barnard, D. L.; Gowen, B. B.; Julander, J. G.; Morrey, J. D. (2009). “T-705 (favipiravir) and related compounds: Novel broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA viral infections”. Antiviral Research 82 (3): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.198. PMID 19428599. edit
  3. WO 2000010569
  4. WO 2008099874
  5. WO 201009504
  6. WO 2010104170
  7. WO 2012063931

Process route
OH
OH
hydrolysis
CLIP
Influenza virus is a central virus of the cold syndrome, which has attacked human being periodically to cause many deaths amounting to tens millions. Although the number of deaths shows a tendency of decrease in the recent years owing to the improvement in hygienic and nutritive conditions, the prevalence of influenza is repeated every year, and it is apprehended that a new virus may appear to cause a wider prevalence.
For prevention of influenza virus, vaccine is used widely, in addition to which low molecular weight substances such as Amantadine and Ribavirin are also used

CLIP

Synthesis of Favipiravir
ZHANG Tao1, KONG Lingjin1, LI Zongtao1,YUAN Hongyu1, XU Wenfang2*
(1. Shandong Qidu PharmaceuticalCo., Ltd., Linzi 255400; 2. School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan250012)
ABSTRACT: Favipiravir was synthesized from3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid by esterification, bromination with NBS,diazotization and amination to give 6-bromo-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide,which was subjected to chlorination with POCl3, fluorination with KF, andhydrolysis with an overall yield of about 22％.

PATENT
US6787544

Figure US06787544-20040907-C00005

subs            G1 G2 G3 G4 R2
    compd 32 N CH C—CF3 N H

…………………
EP2192117
Figure US20100286394A1-20101111-C00001
Example 1-1

Figure US20100286394A1-20101111-C00002

To a 17.5 ml N,N-dimethylformamide solution of 5.0 g of 3,6-difluoro-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile, a 3.8 ml water solution of 7.83 g of potassium acetate was added dropwise at 25 to 35° C., and the solution was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. 0.38 ml of ammonia water was added to the reaction mixture, and then 15 ml of water and 0.38 g of active carbon were added. The insolubles were filtered off and the filter cake was washed with 11 ml of water. The filtrate and the washing were joined, the pH of this solution was adjusted to 9.4 with ammonia water, and 15 ml of acetone and 7.5 ml of toluene were added. Then 7.71 g of dicyclohexylamine was added dropwise and the solution was stirred at 20 to 30° C. for 45 minutes. Then 15 ml of water was added dropwise, the solution was cooled to 10° C., and the precipitate was filtered and collected to give 9.44 g of dicyclohexylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyradinecarbonitrile as a lightly yellowish white solid product.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ values: 1.00-1.36 (10H, m), 1.56-1.67 (2H, m), 1.67-1.81 (4H, m), 1.91-2.07 (4H, m), 3.01-3.18 (2H, m), 8.03-8.06 (1H, m), 8.18-8.89 (1H, broad)
Example 1-2
4.11 ml of acetic acid was added at 5 to 15° C. to a 17.5 ml N,N-dimethylformamide solution of 5.0 g of 3,6-difluoro-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile. Then 7.27 g of triethylamine was added dropwise and the solution was stirred for 2 hours. 3.8 ml of water and 0.38 ml of ammonia water were added to the reaction mixture, and then 15 ml of water and 0.38 g of active carbon were added. The insolubles were filtered off and the filter cake was washed with 11 ml of water. The filtrate and the washing were joined, the pH of the joined solution was adjusted to 9.2 with ammonia water, and 15 ml of acetone and 7.5 ml of toluene were added to the solution, followed by dropwise addition of 7.71 g of dicyclohexylamine. Then 15 ml of water was added dropwise, the solution was cooled to 5° C., and the precipitate was filtered and collected to give 9.68 g of dicyclohexylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile as a slightly yellowish white solid product.
Examples 2 to 5
The compounds shown in Table 1 were obtained in the same way as in Example 1-1.

TABLE 1
Figure US20100286394A1-20101111-C00003
Example No. Organic amine Example No. Organic amine
2 Dipropylamine 4 Dibenzylamine
3 Dibutylamine 5 N-benzylmethylamine

Dipropylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) 6 values: 0.39 (6H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 1.10 (4H, sex, J=7.5 Hz), 2.30-2.38 (4H, m), 7.54 (1H, d, J=8.3 Hz)
Dibutylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) 6 values: 0.36 (6H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 0.81 (4H, sex, J=7.3 Hz), 0.99-1.10 (4H, m), 2.32-2.41 (4H, m), 7.53 (1H, d, J=8.3 Hz)
Dibenzylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ values: 4.17 (4H, s), 7.34-7.56 (10H, m), 8.07 (1H, d, J=8.3 Hz)
N-benzylmethylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ values: 2.57 (3H, s), 4.14 (2H, s), 7.37-7.53 (5H, m), 8.02-8.08 (1H, m)
Preparation Example 1

Figure US20100286394A1-20101111-C00004

300 ml of toluene was added to a 600 ml water solution of 37.5 g of sodium hydroxide. Then 150 g of dicyclohexylamine salt of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarbonitrile was added at 15 to 25° C. and the solution was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The water layer was separated and washed with toluene, and then 150 ml of water was added, followed by dropwise addition of 106 g of a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution at 15 to 30° C. and one-hour stirring at 20 to 30° C. Then 39 ml of hydrochloric acid was added, the seed crystals were added at 40 to 50° C., and 39 ml of hydrochloric acid was further added dropwise at the same temperature. The solution was cooled to 10° C. the precipitate was filtered and collected to give 65.6 g of 6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide as a slightly yellowish white solid.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ values: 8.50 (1H, s), 8.51 (1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 8.75 (1H, s), 13.41 (1H, s)

CLIP
jan 2014

Investigational flu treatment drug has broad-spectrum potential to fight multiple viruses
First patient enrolled in the North American Phase 3 clinical trials for investigational flu treatment drug
BioDefense Therapeutics (BD Tx)—a Joint Product Management office within the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)—announced the first patient enrolled in the North American Phase 3 clinical trials for favipiravir (T-705a). The drug is an investigational flu treatment candidate with broad-spectrum potential being developed by BD Tx through a contract with Boston-based MediVector, Inc.
Favipiravir is a novel, antiviral compound that works differently than anti-flu drugs currently on the market. The novelty lies in the drug’s selective disruption of the viralRNA replication and transcription process within the infected cell to stop the infection cycle.
“Favipiravir has proven safe and well tolerated in previous studies,” said LTC Eric G. Midboe, Joint Product Manager for BD Tx. “This first patient signifies the start of an important phase in favipiravir’s path to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for flu and lays the groundwork for future testing against other viruses of interest to the DoD.”
In providing therapeutic solutions to counter traditional, emerging, and engineered biological threats, BD Tx chose favipiravir not only because of its potential effectiveness against flu viruses, but also because of its demonstrated broad-spectrum potential against multiple viruses.  In addition to testing favipiravir in the ongoing influenzaprogram, BD Tx is testing the drug’s efficacy against the Ebola virus and other viruses considered threats to service members. In laboratory testing, favipiravir was found to be effective against a wide variety of RNA viruses in infected cells and animals.
“FDA-approved, broad-spectrum therapeutics offer the fastest way to respond to dangerous and potentially lethal viruses,” said Dr. Tyler Bennett, Assistant Product Manager for BD Tx.
MediVector is overseeing the clinical trials required by the  FDA  to obtain drug licensure. The process requires safety data from at least 1,500 patients treated for flu at the dose and duration proposed for marketing of the drug. Currently, 150 trial sites are planned throughout the U.S.
SOURCE BioDefense Therapeutics
Malpani Y, Achary R, Kim SY, Jeong HC, Kim P, Han SB, Kim M, Lee CK, Kim JN, Jung YS.
Eur J Med Chem. 2013 Apr;62:534-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.015. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
US3631036 * Nov 4, 1969 Dec 28, 1971 American Home Prod 5-amino-2 6-substituted-7h-pyrrolo(2 3-d) pyrimidines and related compounds
US3745161 * Apr 20, 1970 Jul 10, 1973 Merck & Co Inc Phenyl-hydroxy-pyrazine carboxylic acids and derivatives
US4404203 * May 14, 1981 Sep 13, 1983 Warner-Lambert Company Substituted 6-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinones useful as cardiotonic agents
US4545810 * Mar 25, 1983 Oct 8, 1985 Sds Biotech Corporation Herbicidal and plant growth regulant diphenylpyridazinones
US4565814 * Jan 18, 1984 Jan 21, 1986 Sanofi Pyridazine derivatives having a psychotropic action and compositions
US4661145 * Sep 20, 1984 Apr 28, 1987 Rohm And Haas Company Plant growth regulating 1-aryl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo(thio)-pyridazines
US5420130 May 16, 1994 May 30, 1995 Synthelabo 2-aminopyrazine-5-carboxamide derivatives, their preparation and their application in therapeutics
US5459142 * Aug 23, 1993 Oct 17, 1995 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Pyrazinyl and piperazinyl substituted pyrazine compounds
US5597823 Jun 5, 1995 Jan 28, 1997 Abbott Laboratories Tricyclic substituted hexahydrobenz [e]isoindole alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists
US6159980 * Sep 15, 1997 Dec 12, 2000 Dupont Pharmaceuticals Company Pyrazinones and triazinones and their derivatives thereof
EP0023358A1 * Jul 28, 1980 Feb 4, 1981 Rohm And Haas Company Process for the preparation of pyridazine derivatives
GB1198688A Title not available
HU9401512A Title not available
JPH09216883A * Title not available
JPS5620576A Title not available

 

  1. ^ Jump up to:a b Furuta Y, Takahashi K, Shiraki K, Sakamoto K, Smee DF, Barnard DL, Gowen BB, Julander JG, Morrey JD (June 2009). “T-705 (favipiravir) and related compounds: Novel broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA viral infections”. Antiviral Research. 82 (3): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.198. PMID 19428599.
  2. ^ Furuta Y, Gowen BB, Takahashi K, Shiraki K, Smee DF, Barnard DL (November 2013). “Favipiravir (T-705), a novel viral RNA polymerase inhibitor”. Antiviral Research. 100 (2): 446–54. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.015. PMC 3880838. PMID 24084488.
  3. ^ Caroline AL, Powell DS, Bethel LM, Oury TD, Reed DS, Hartman AL (April 2014). “Broad spectrum antiviral activity of favipiravir (T-705): protection from highly lethal inhalational Rift Valley Fever”. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 8 (4): e2790. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002790. PMC 3983105. PMID 24722586.
  4. ^ Mumtaz N, van Kampen JJ, Reusken CB, Boucher CA, Koopmans MP (2016). “Zika Virus: Where Is the Treatment?”. Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases. 8 (3): 208–211. doi:10.1007/s40506-016-0083-7. PMC 4969322. PMID 27547128.
  5. ^ Yamada K, Noguchi K, Komeno T, Furuta Y, Nishizono A (April 2016). “Efficacy of Favipiravir (T-705) in Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis”. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 213 (8): 1253–61. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv586. PMC 4799667. PMID 26655300.
  6. ^ Murphy J, Sifri CD, Pruitt R, Hornberger M, Bonds D, Blanton J, Ellison J, Cagnina RE, Enfield KB, Shiferaw M, Gigante C, Condori E, Gruszynski K, Wallace RM (January 2019). “Human Rabies – Virginia, 2017”. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 67(5152): 1410–1414. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm675152a2. PMC 6334827. PMID 30605446.
  7. ^ Li G, De Clercq E. Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2020 Feb doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0
  8. ^ BRIEF-Corrected-Zhejiang Hisun Pharma gets approval for clinical trial to test flu drug Favipiravir for pneumonia caused by new coronavirus. Reuters Healthcare, February 16, 2020.
  9. ^ [1]NHK World News ‘China: Avigan effective in tackling coronavirus’
  10. ^ Huaxia. Favipiravir shows good clinical efficacy in treating COVID-19: official. Xinhuanet.com, 17 March 2020
  11. ^ Jin Z, Smith LK, Rajwanshi VK, Kim B, Deval J (2013). “The ambiguous base-pairing and high substrate efficiency of T-705 (Favipiravir) Ribofuranosyl 5′-triphosphate towards influenza A virus polymerase”. PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e68347. Bibcode:2013PLoSO…868347J. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068347. PMC 3707847. PMID 23874596.
  12. ^ Baranovich T, Wong SS, Armstrong J, Marjuki H, Webby RJ, Webster RG, Govorkova EA (April 2013). “T-705 (favipiravir) induces lethal mutagenesis in influenza A H1N1 viruses in vitro”. Journal of Virology. 87 (7): 3741–51. doi:10.1128/JVI.02346-12. PMC 3624194. PMID 23325689.
  13. ^ Guedj J, Piorkowski G, Jacquot F, Madelain V, Nguyen TH, Rodallec A, et al. (March 2018). “Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Ebola virus: A translational study in cynomolgus macaques”. PLoS Medicine. 15 (3): e1002535. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002535. PMC 5870946. PMID 29584730.
  14. ^ Smee DF, Hurst BL, Egawa H, Takahashi K, Kadota T, Furuta Y (October 2009). “Intracellular metabolism of favipiravir (T-705) in uninfected and influenza A (H5N1) virus-infected cells”. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 64 (4): 741–6. doi:10.1093/jac/dkp274. PMC 2740635. PMID 19643775.
  15. ^ Naesens L, Guddat LW, Keough DT, van Kuilenburg AB, Meijer J, Vande Voorde J, Balzarini J (October 2013). “Role of human hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in activation of the antiviral agent T-705 (favipiravir)”. Molecular Pharmacology. 84 (4): 615–29. doi:10.1124/mol.113.087247. PMID 23907213.
  16. ^ Koons C (7 August 2014). “Ebola Drug From Japan May Emerge Among Key Candidates”. Bloomberg.com.
  17. ^ Yoon JJ, Toots M, Lee S, Lee ME, Ludeke B, Luczo JM, et al. (August 2018). “Orally Efficacious Broad-Spectrum Ribonucleoside Analog Inhibitor of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses”. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 62 (8): e00766–18. doi:10.1128/AAC.00766-18. PMC 6105843. PMID 29891600.
  18. ^ Hayden, Frederick. “Influenza virus polymerase inhibitors in clinical development”. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000532.
  19. ^ “Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety Study of Favipiravir for Treatment of Uncomplicated Influenza in Adults – T705US316”. FDA. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  20. ^ Gatherer D (August 2014). “The 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa”. The Journal of General Virology. 95 (Pt 8): 1619–24. doi:10.1099/vir.0.067199-0. PMID 24795448.
  21. ^ Oestereich L, Lüdtke A, Wurr S, Rieger T, Muñoz-Fontela C, Günther S (May 2014). “Successful treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection with T-705 (favipiravir) in a small animal model”. Antiviral Research. 105: 17–21. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.02.014. PMID 24583123.
  22. ^ Smither SJ, Eastaugh LS, Steward JA, Nelson M, Lenk RP, Lever MS (April 2014). “Post-exposure efficacy of oral T-705 (Favipiravir) against inhalational Ebola virus infection in a mouse model”. Antiviral Research. 104: 153–5. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.01.012. PMID 24462697.
  23. ^ “First French Ebola patient leaves hospital”. Reuters. 4 October 2016.
  24. ^ “Guinea: Clinical Trial for Potential Ebola Treatment Started in MSF Clinic in Guinea”. AllAfrica – All the Time. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  25. ^ Fink S (4 February 2015). “Ebola Drug Aids Some in a Study in West Africa”. The New York Times.
  26. ^ Cohen J (26 February 2015). “Results from encouraging Ebola trial scrutinized”. Science. doi:10.1126/science.aaa7912. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  27. ^ “Favipiravir in Patients with Ebola Virus Disease: Early Results of the JIKI trial in Guinea | CROI Conference”. croiconference.org. Retrieved 2016-03-17.
  28. ^ Sissoko D, Laouenan C, Folkesson E, M’Lebing AB, Beavogui AH, Baize S, et al. (March 2016). “Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea”. PLoS Medicine. 13(3): e1001967. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001967. PMC 4773183. PMID 26930627.
  29. ^ “Japanese flu drug ‘clearly effective’ in treating coronavirus, says China”. The Guardian. 2020-03-18. Retrieved 2020-03-18.\
  1. Beigel J, Bray M: Current and future antiviral therapy of severe seasonal and avian influenza. Antiviral Res. 2008 Apr;78(1):91-102. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.01.003. Epub 2008 Feb 4. [PubMed:18328578]
  2. Hsieh HP, Hsu JT: Strategies of development of antiviral agents directed against influenza virus replication. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(34):3531-42. [PubMed:18220789]
  3. Gowen BB, Wong MH, Jung KH, Sanders AB, Mendenhall M, Bailey KW, Furuta Y, Sidwell RW: In vitro and in vivo activities of T-705 against arenavirus and bunyavirus infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Sep;51(9):3168-76. Epub 2007 Jul 2. [PubMed:17606691]
  4. Sidwell RW, Barnard DL, Day CW, Smee DF, Bailey KW, Wong MH, Morrey JD, Furuta Y: Efficacy of orally administered T-705 on lethal avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infections in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Mar;51(3):845-51. Epub 2006 Dec 28. [PubMed:17194832]
  5. Furuta Y, Takahashi K, Kuno-Maekawa M, Sangawa H, Uehara S, Kozaki K, Nomura N, Egawa H, Shiraki K: Mechanism of action of T-705 against influenza virus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Mar;49(3):981-6. [PubMed:15728892]
  6. Furuta Y, Takahashi K, Fukuda Y, Kuno M, Kamiyama T, Kozaki K, Nomura N, Egawa H, Minami S, Watanabe Y, Narita H, Shiraki K: In vitro and in vivo activities of anti-influenza virus compound T-705. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Apr;46(4):977-81. [PubMed:11897578]
  7. Furuta Y, Komeno T, Nakamura T: Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2017;93(7):449-463. doi: 10.2183/pjab.93.027. [PubMed:28769016]
  8. Venkataraman S, Prasad BVLS, Selvarajan R: RNA Dependent RNA Polymerases: Insights from Structure, Function and Evolution. Viruses. 2018 Feb 10;10(2). pii: v10020076. doi: 10.3390/v10020076. [PubMed:29439438]
  9. Hayden FG, Shindo N: Influenza virus polymerase inhibitors in clinical development. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;32(2):176-186. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000532. [PubMed:30724789]
  10. Madelain V, Nguyen TH, Olivo A, de Lamballerie X, Guedj J, Taburet AM, Mentre F: Ebola Virus Infection: Review of the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Drugs Considered for Testing in Human Efficacy Trials. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2016 Aug;55(8):907-23. doi: 10.1007/s40262-015-0364-1. [PubMed:26798032]
  11. Nguyen TH, Guedj J, Anglaret X, Laouenan C, Madelain V, Taburet AM, Baize S, Sissoko D, Pastorino B, Rodallec A, Piorkowski G, Carazo S, Conde MN, Gala JL, Bore JA, Carbonnelle C, Jacquot F, Raoul H, Malvy D, de Lamballerie X, Mentre F: Favipiravir pharmacokinetics in Ebola-Infected patients of the JIKI trial reveals concentrations lower than targeted. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Feb 23;11(2):e0005389. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005389. eCollection 2017 Feb. [PubMed:28231247]
  12. de Farias ST, Dos Santos Junior AP, Rego TG, Jose MV: Origin and Evolution of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase. Front Genet. 2017 Sep 20;8:125. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00125. eCollection 2017. [PubMed:28979293]
  13. Shu B, Gong P: Structural basis of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalysis and translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 12;113(28):E4005-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1602591113. Epub 2016 Jun 23. [PubMed:27339134]
  14. Nagata T, Lefor AK, Hasegawa M, Ishii M: Favipiravir: a new medication for the Ebola virus disease pandemic. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2015 Feb;9(1):79-81. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2014.151. Epub 2014 Dec 29. [PubMed:25544306]
  15. Rosenke K, Feldmann H, Westover JB, Hanley PW, Martellaro C, Feldmann F, Saturday G, Lovaglio J, Scott DP, Furuta Y, Komeno T, Gowen BB, Safronetz D: Use of Favipiravir to Treat Lassa Virus Infection in Macaques. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Sep;24(9):1696-1699. doi: 10.3201/eid2409.180233. Epub 2018 Sep 17. [PubMed:29882740]
  16. Delang L, Abdelnabi R, Neyts J: Favipiravir as a potential countermeasure against neglected and emerging RNA viruses. Antiviral Res. 2018 May;153:85-94. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Mar 7. [PubMed:29524445]
  17. Nature Biotechnology: Coronavirus puts drug repurposing on the fast track [Link]
  18. Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency: Avigan (favipiravir) Review Report [Link]
  19. World Health Organization: Influenza (Avian and other zoonotic) [Link]
Favipiravir
Favipiravir.svg
Names
IUPAC name
5-Fluoro-2-hydroxypyrazine-3-carboxamide
Other names
T-705; Avigan; favilavir
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
UNII
Properties
C5H4FN3O2
Molar mass 157.104 g·mol−1
Pharmacology
J05AX27 (WHO)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

////////////FAVIPIRAVIR, ファビピラビル , 8916, Avigan, T-705, favilavir, COVID-19,  coronavirus, antiinfluenza

 

ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO

Want to know everything on vir series

click

http://drugsynthesisint.blogspot.in/p/vir-series-hep-c-virus-22.html

AND

http://medcheminternational.blogspot.in/p/vir-series-hep-c-virus.html

 

↧
Search
Viewing all articles
Browse latest Browse all 1640

Trending Articles

Practice Sheet of Right form of verbs for HSC Students

September 22, 2019, 11:40 pm

Download: FK ft Shenky – Nakuyewa ”Prod by: Shenky”

February 16, 2017, 4:24 pm

How to win at Markstrat (Markstrat Tips and Tricks) – Vodites

January 5, 2014, 10:34 pm

Ominde Commission Report and Recommendations – Ominde Report of 1964

March 16, 2015, 5:14 am

Bureau of Internal Revenue: Regional Offices (Directory)

January 9, 2014, 11:06 pm

GO 53 on Enhancement of Ex-gratia upto 5 Lakhs Toddy Tappers in Telangana

March 26, 2017, 11:23 pm

Cakewalk CA-2A Leveling Amplifier v2.0.1.97 WiN, v2.0.1.96 OSX Incl Keygen

October 17, 2016, 7:20 am

Mp3 Download: Mdu - Kunjenjenjena

December 7, 2017, 8:16 am

How the kill the job , when DTP request running for long hours.

July 26, 2013, 2:41 am

Microsoft Intune から展開しているアプリのアップデートについて

October 17, 2016, 4:11 am

18-year-old girl was beaten for half an hour by two Northampton men in 'an...

September 1, 2017, 10:00 pm

Car crash in Dunton Bassett leaves driver in critical condition

October 7, 2014, 7:51 am

Macky 2, Two Others In Road Accident

March 29, 2015, 5:34 am

Application log 00000000000000089514: Could not convert queue DLVST90CLNT

May 14, 2015, 11:27 pm

Detroit mafia: D’Anna Brothers agree to plea deal

April 21, 2016, 6:56 am

Delivery block field greyed out using VA02

January 26, 2016, 2:52 pm

Muloraki Au

June 22, 2016, 1:44 am

【個人撮影】スマホのプライベート映像♪「中に出さないで///」カラオケ屋での生ハメ撮りが流出ｗ【リベンジポルノ】＠PornHub

October 12, 2017, 2:23 pm

BREAKING NEWS: Diamond Platnumz Is Reported Dead After Ghastly Car Accident

February 9, 2018, 4:56 am

FIAT 500 B0111 B0112

July 5, 2018, 10:31 am
Search