Filgotinib

Filgotinib

• C₂₁H₂₃N₅O₃S
• MW425.504
• Elemental Analysis: C, 59.28; H, 5.45; N, 16.46; O, 11.28; S, 7.54

IL-6 antagonist; Jak1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Tyk2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Jak3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Jak2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Autoimmune disease; Cancer; Colitis; Crohns disease; Inflammatory disease; Neoplasm; Rheumatoid arthritis; Transplant rejection

Filgotinib (GLPG0634), by the Belgian biotech company Galápagos NV, is a drug which is currently under investigation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease.

Filgotinib (GLPG0634) is an orally-available, selective inhibitor of JAK1 (Janus kinase 1) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and potentially other inflammatory diseases. Filgotinib (GLPG0634) dose-dependently inhibited Th1 and Th2 differentiation and to a lesser extent the differentiation of Th17 cells in vitro. GLPG0634 was well exposed in rodents upon oral dosing, and exposure levels correlated with repression of Mx2 expression in leukocytes. The JAK1 selective inhibitor GLPG0634 (Filgotinib) is a promising novel therapeutic with potential for oral treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and possibly other immune-inflammatory diseases. Filgotinib (GLPG0634) is currently in a Phase 2 study in Crohn’s disease.

3D

Mechanism of action

Filgotinib is a Janus kinase inhibitor with selectivity for subtype JAK1 of this enzyme. It is considered a promising agent as it inhibits JAK1 selectively. Less selective JAK inhibitors (e.g. tofacitinib) are already being marketed. They show long-term efficacy in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. However, their lack of selectivity leads to dose-limiting side effects.^[1] It is thought that inhibition of all JAK isoenzymes is beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis. However, pan-JAK inhibition might also lead to unwanted side effects that might not outweigh its benefits. This is the rationale for the development of newer and more selective inhibitors like filgotinib.

The signal transmission of large numbers of proinflammatory cytokines is dependent on JAK1. Inhibition of JAK2 may also contribute to the efficacy against RA. Nonetheless it is thought that JAK2 inhibition might lead to anemia and thrombopenia by interference witherythropoietin and thrombopoietin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Therefore one might prefer to choose a more selective JAK1 inhibitor as a primary therapeutic option. Filgotinib exerts a 30-fold selectivity for JAK1 compared to JAK2.^[2] It is however still to be seen to what extent JAK2 inhibition should be avoided.

Novel crystalline forms of filgotinib salts, particularly hydrochloride salt, useful for treating JAK-mediated diseases eg inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, allergy and transplant rejection.  Galapagos and licensee AbbVie are developing filgotinib, a selective JAK-1 inhibitor, for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Crohn’s disease (CD). In August 2015, the drug was reported to be in phase 2 clinical development for treating RA and CD. The drug is also being investigated for the treatment of colitis and was discovered as part of the company’s arthritis alliance with GSK; however in August 2010 Galapagos reacquired the full rights. See WO2013189771, claiming use of filgotinib analog for treating inflammatory diseases. Also see WO2010010190 (co-assigned with GSK and Abbott) and WO2010149769 (assigned to Galapagos) claiming filgotinib, generically and specifically, respectively.

Clinical trials and approval

The efficacy of filgotinib is currently studied in a phase2b program (DARWIN trial 1, 2) with involvement of 886 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 180 Crohn’s disease patients.

Phase 1 study

It was shown in phase 1 studies that the pharmacokinetics of filgotinib metabolism is independent of hepatic CYP450 enzymatic degradation. The drug metabolism is however mediated by carboxylesterases. There is no interference reported with the metabolism of methotrexate nor with any of the investigated transport proteins.^[3]

Phase 2 study: Proof of concept (2011)

In november 2011 Galápagos released the results of their phase 2 study (identification: NCT01384422, Eudract: 2010-022953-40) in which 36 patients were treated who showed a suboptimal clinical response to methotrexate treatment. Three groups of twelve patients were treated either with 200 mg filgotinib in a single dose, 200 mg divided in two doses or placebo. The primary end-point was the ACR20 score, which monitors improvements in the symptomatology of the patient. After the scheduled 4 weeks of treatment, 83% of the respondents showed an improved ACR20-score. Half of the treated patients showed a complete (or near complete) remission of the disease. There were no reports ofanemia nor changes in lipidemia. The company stated in their press release that filgotinib is the first selective JAK1 inhibitor that shows clinical efficacy. As a result of this study, the company stated that “GLPG0634 shows one of the highest initial response rates ever reported for rheumatoid arthritis treatments”.^[4]

DARWIN 1 trial

The DARWIN 1 trial is a 24 week double blind placebo-controlled trial with 599 rheumatoid arthritis patients enrolled. All participants have moderate to severe RA and showed an insufficient response to standard methotrexate treatment. The trial compares three dosages of filgotinib as a once or twice per day regimen. During the trial all participants remain on their methotrexate treatment. According to the company, the results of this trial are expected in July 2015.^[5]

DARWIN 2 trial

The DARWIN 2 trial is a double blind placebo-controlled trial with 280 rheumatoid arthritis patients enrolled who show an insufficient response to standard methotrexate treatment. This trial, in contrast to the previous DARWIN 1 trial, methotrexate is discontinued. Therefore, this trial investigates filgotinib as a monotherapy.^[6] The recruitment of DARWIN trial 2b ended in november 2014.^[7] Preliminary results are expected in the second quarter of 2015 and a full completion of the study is expected in the third quarter of 2015.

DARWIN 3 trial

Patients who complete DARWIN 1 and 2 will be eligible for DARWIN 3.

COSY PREDICT

Time line

• june 2011: results of first phase 2 trial
• november 2014: initiation of DARWIN 1 and 2 trials
• april 2015: expected date of DARWIN 1 trial results
• june 2015: expected date of DARWIN 2 trial results

NMR FROM NET….ABMOLE, DMSOD6

NMR MEDKOO DMSOD6

CHEMIETEK

13C NMR PREDICT

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MORE PREDICTS

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NMR PREDICT

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PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2010149769A1?cl=en

Step 3:

[00131] Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-bromomethyl-phenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-

2-yl]-amide (leq) and DIPEA (2 eq) were dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5:1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpholine 1,1 -dioxide (1.1 eq) was added dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 16h. After this time, the reaction was complete. The solvent was evaporated. The compound was dissolved in DCM, washed with water and dried over anhyd. MgSO^ Organic layers were filtered and evaporated. The final compound was isolated by column chromatography using EtOAc to afford the desired product.

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PATENT

US2010/331319 A1, ; Page/Page column 13-14

http://www.google.com/patents/US20100331319

Synthetic Preparation of the Compound of the Invention and Comparative Examples

The compound of the invention and the comparative examples can be produced according to the following scheme.

wherein Ar represents phenyl-L1-heterocycloalkyl, where L1 is a bond, —CH₂— or —CO— and the heterocycloalkyl group is optionally substituted.

General 1.1.1 1-(6-Bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-3-carboethoxy-thiourea (2)

To a solution of 2-amino-6-bromopyridine (1) (253.8 g, 1.467 mol) in DCM (2.5 L) cooled to 5° C. is added ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate (173.0 mL, 1.467 mol) dropwise over 15 min. The reaction mixture is then allowed to warm to room temp. (20° C.) and stirred for 16 h. Evaporation in vacuo gives a solid which may be collected by filtration, thoroughly washed with petrol (3×600 mL) and air-dried to afford (2). The thiourea may be used as such for the next step without any purification. ¹H (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 12.03 (1H, br s, NH), 8.81 (1H, d, J=7.8 Hz, H-3), 8.15 (1H, br s, NH), 7.60 (1H, t, J=8.0 Hz, H-4), 7.32 (1H, dd, J 7.7 and 0.6 Hz, H-5), 4.31 (2H, q, J 7.1 Hz, CH₂), 1.35 (3H, t, J 7.1 Hz, CH₃).

1.1.2 5-Bromo-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-ylamine (3)

To a suspension of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (101.8 g, 1.465 mol) in EtOH/MeOH (1:1, 900 mL) is added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (145.3 mL, 0.879 mol) and the mixture is stirred at room temp. (20° C.) for 1 h. 1-(6-Bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-3-carboethoxy-thiourea (2) (89.0 g, 0.293 mol) is then added and the mixture slowly heated to reflux (Note: bleach scrubber is required to quench H₂S evolved). After 3 h at reflux, the mixture is allowed to cool and filtered to collect the precipitated solid. Further product is collected by evaporation in vacuo of the filtrate, addition of H₂O (250 mL) and filtration. The combined solids are washed successively with H₂O (250 mL), EtOH/MeOH (1:1, 250 mL) and Et₂O (250 mL) then dried in vacuo to afford the triazolopyridine derivative (3) as a solid. The compound may be used as such for the next step without any purification. ¹H (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.43-7.34 (2H, m, 2×aromatic-H), 7.24 (1H, dd, J 6.8 and 1.8 Hz, aromatic-H), 6.30 (2H, br, NH₂); m/z 213/215 (1:1, M+H⁺, 100%).

1.1.3 General Procedure for Mono-Acylation to Afford Intermediate (4)

To a solution of the 2-amino-triazolopyridine (3) (7.10 g, 33.3 mmol) in dry CH₃CN (150 mL) at 5° C. is added Et₃N (11.6 mL, 83.3 mmol) followed by cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (83.3 mmol). The reaction mixture is then allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred until all starting material (3) is consumed. If required, further Et₃N (4.64 mL, 33.3 mmol) and cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (33.3 mmol) is added to ensure complete reaction. Following solvent evaporation in vacuo the resultant residue is treated with 7 N methanolic ammonia solution (50 mL) and stirred at ambient temp. (for 1-16 h) to hydrolyse any bis-acylated product. Product isolation is made by removal of volatiles in vacuo followed by trituration with Et₂O (50 mL). The solids are collected by filtration, washed with H₂O (2×50 mL), acetone (50 mL) and Et₂O (50 mL), then dried in vacuo to give the required bromo intermediate (4).

Method A Preparation of Compounds of the Invention Via Suzuki Coupling (5):

An appropriate boronic acid (2 eq.) is added to a solution of bromo intermediate (4) in 1,4-dioxane/water (5:1). K₂CO₃ (2 eq.) and PdCl₂dppf (5%) are added to the solution. The resulting mixture is then heated in a microwave at 140° C. for 30 min (this reaction can also be carried out by traditional heating in an oil bath at 90° C. for 16 h under N₂). Water is added and the solution is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers are dried over anhyd. MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuo. The final compound is obtained after purification by flash chromatography or preparative HPLC. HPLC: Waters XBridge Prep C18 5 μm ODB 19 mm ID×100 mm L (Part No. 186002978). All the methods are using MeCN/H₂O gradients. H₂O contains either 0.1% TFA or 0.1% NH₃.

Method B

B1. 4 4-[2-(Cyclopropanecarbonyl-amino)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl]-benzoyl chloride

2 Drops of DMF are added to a solution of 4-[2-(cyclopropanecarbonyl-amino)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl]-benzoic acid (1 eq) obtained by Method A using 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid in DCM under N₂ atmosphere. Then oxalyl chloride (2 eq) is added dropwise to this resulting solution (gas release). The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction by LCMS, the solvent is removed. The crude acid chloride is used without further purification in next step.

B2. Amide Formation (General Method)

An appropriate amine (1.1 eq) and Et₃N (5 eq) are dissolved in DCM under N₂ atmosphere and cooled at 0° C. The acid chloride (B1, 1 eq) dissolved in DCM is added dropwise to this solution. The reaction is stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After this time, reaction is complete. The compound is extracted with EtOAc and water, washed with brine and dried over anhyd. MgSO₄. Organic layers are filtered and evaporated. The final compound is isolated by preparative HPLC. Preparative HPLC: Waters XBridge Prep C18 5 μm ODB 19 mm ID×100 mm L (Part No. 186002978). All the methods are using MeCN/H₂O gradients. H₂O contains either 0.1% TFA or 0.1% NH₃.

…

Synthesis of the Compound of the Invention and Comparative Examples Compound 1 (the Compound of the Invention) Step 1:

2-(4-Bromomethyl-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolane (1 eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) were dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5:1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (2 eq) was added portionwise. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After this time, the reaction was complete. The solvent was evaporated. The compound was extracted with EtOAc and water, washed with brine and dried over anhyd. MgSO₄. Organic layers were filtered and evaporated. The final compound was isolated without further purification.

STEP 2: Suzuki coupling

4-[4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzyl]-thiomorpholine-1,1-dioxide (1.1 eq.) was added to a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide in 1,4-dioxane/water (4:1). K₂CO₃ (2 eq.) and PdCl₂dppf (0.03 eq.) were added to the solution. The resulting mixture was then heated in an oil bath at 90° C. for 16 h under N₂. Water was added and the solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried over anhyd. MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuo. The final compound was obtained after purification by flash chromatography.

Alternatively, after completion of the reaction, a palladium scavenger such as 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, is added, the reaction mixture is allowed to cooled down and a filtration is performed. The filter cake is reslurried in a suitable solvent (e.g. acetone), the solid is separated by filtration, washed with more acetone, and dried. The resulting solid is resuspended in water, aqueous HCl is added, and after stirring at RT, the resulting solution is filtered on celite (Celpure P300). Aqueous NaOH is then added to the filtrate, and the resulting suspension is stirred at RT, the solid is separated by filtration, washed with water and dried by suction. Finally the cake is re-solubilised in a mixture of THF/H₂O, treated with a palladium scavenger (e.g. SMOPEX 234) at 50° C., the suspension is filtered, the organic solvents are removed by evaporation, and the resulting slurry is washed with water and methanol, dried and sieved, to obtain the title compound as a free base.

Alternative Route to Compound 1 (the Compound of the Invention): Step 1:

4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenylboronic acid (1.1 eq.) was added to a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide in 1,4-dioxane/water (4:1). K₂CO₃ (2 eq.) and PdCl₂dppf (0.03 eq.) were added to the solution. The resulting mixture was then heated in an oil bath at 90° C. for 16 h under N₂. Water was added and the solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried over anhyd. MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuo. The resulting mixture was used without further purification.

Step 2:

To a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-amide (1.0 eq) in chloroform was slowly added phosphorus tribromide (1.0 equiv.). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, quenched with ice and water (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over anhyd. MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to dryness. The resulting white residue was triturated in dichloromethane/diethyl ether 2:1 to afford the expected product as a white solid.

Step 3:

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-bromomethyl-phenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-amide (1 eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) were dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5:1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (1.1 eq) was added dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After this time, the reaction was complete. The solvent was evaporated. The compound was dissolved in DCM, washed with water and dried over anhyd. MgSO₄. Organic layers were filtered and evaporated. The final compound was isolated by column chromatography using EtOAc to afford the desired product.

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PATENT

WO 2015117981

Novel salts and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for the treatment of inflammatory disorders

Also claims a method for preparing filgotinib hydrochloride trihydrate. The present filing forms a pair with this week’s filing, WO2015117980, claiming a tablet composition comprising filgotinib hydrochloride.

The compound cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {5-[4-(l,l-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-ylmethyl)-phenyl]-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-yl -amide (Compound 1), which has the chemical structure:

is disclosed in our earlier application WO 2010/149769 (Menet C. J., 2010) as being an inhibitor of JAK and as being useful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, allergy, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6 or interferons. Hereafter this compound is named Compound 1. The data presented in WO 2010/149769 demonstrate that despite similar in vitro activities, Compound 1 has unexpectedly high in vivo potency compared with structurally similar compounds.

Example 1. Preparation of Compound 1

1.1. Route 1

1.1.1. 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-[l,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzyl]-thiomorpholine-l,l-dioxide

[00205] 2-(4-Bromomethyl-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[l,3,2]dioxaborolane (1 eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) are dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5:1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpholine 1,1 -dioxide (2 eq) is added portionwise. The resulting solution is stirred at room temperature for 16h. After this time, the reaction is complete. The solvent is evaporated. The compound is extracted with EtOAc and water, washed with brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO i. Organic layers are filtered and evaporated. The final compound is isolated without further purification.

1.1.2. Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide

1.1.2.1. Step i): l-(6-Bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-3-carboethoxy-thiourea

[00206] To a solution of 2-amino-6-bromopyridine (1) (253.8 g, 1.467 mol) in DCM (2.5 L) cooled to 5°C is added ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate (173.0 mL, 1.467 mol) dropwise over 15 min. The reaction

mixture is then allowed to warm to room temp. (20 °C) and stirred for 16 h. Evaporation in vacuo gives a solid which may be collected by filtration, thoroughly washed with petrol (3 x 600 niL) and air-dried to afford the desired product. The thiourea may be used as such for the next step without any purification. ^lH (400 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 12.03 (1H, br s), 8.81 (1H, d), 8.15 (1H, br s), 7.60 (1H, t), 7.32 (1H, dd), 4.31 (2H, q), 1.35 (3H, t).

1.1.2.2. Step ii): 5-Bromo-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-ylamine

[00207] To a suspension of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (101.8 g, 1.465 mol) in EtOH/MeOH (1 : 1, 900 mL) is added NN-diisopropylethylamine (145.3 mL, 0.879 mol) and the mixture is stirred at room temp. (20 °C) for 1 h. l-(6-Bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-3-carboethoxy-thiourea (2) (89.0 g, 0.293 mol) is then added and the mixture slowly heated to reflux (Note: bleach scrubber is required to quench H₂S evolved). After 3h at reflux, the mixture is allowed to cool and filtered to collect the precipitated solid. Further product is collected by evaporation in vacuo of the filtrate, addition of H₂0 (250 mL) and filtration. The combined solids are washed successively with H₂0 (250 mL), EtOH/MeOH (1 : 1, 250 mL) and Et₂0 (250 mL) then dried in vacuo to afford the triazolopyridine derivative (3) as a solid. The compound may be used as such for the next step without any purification. ^lH (400 MHz, DMSO-i¼) δ 7.43-7.34 (2H, m, 2 x aromatic-H), 7.24 (1H, dd, J 6.8 and 1.8 Hz, aromatic-H), 6.30 (2H, br, NH₂); m/z 213/215 (1 : 1, M+H⁺, 100%).

1.1.2.3. Step Hi): Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[l ,2,4]triazolo[l ,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide

[00208] To a solution of the 2-amino-triazolopyridine obtained in the previous step (7.10 g, 33.3 mmol) in dry MeCN (150 mL) at 5°C is added Et₃N (11.6 mL, 83.3 mmol) followed by cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (83.3 mmol). The reaction mixture is then allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred until all starting material is consumed. If required, further Et₃N (4.64 mL, 33.3 mmol) and cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (33.3 mmol) is added to ensure complete reaction. Following solvent evaporation in vacuo the resultant residue is treated with 7 N methanolic ammonia solution (50 mL) and stirred at ambient temp, (for 1-16 h) to hydro lyse any bis-acylated product. Product isolation is made by removal of volatiles in vacuo followed by trituration with Et₂0 (50 mL). The solids are collected by filtration, washed with H₂0 (2x50mL), acetone (50 mL) and Et₂0 (50 mL), then dried in vacuo to give the desired compound.

1.1.3. Compound 1

[00209] 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-[l ,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzyl] hiomoφholine , l -dioxide (l . l eq.) is added to a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[l ,2,4]triazolo[l ,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide in 1 ,4-dioxane/water (4: 1). K₂CO₃ (2 eq.) and PdC^dppf (0.03 eq.) are added to the solution. The resulting mixture is then heated in an oil bath at 90°C for 16h under N₂. Water is added and the solution is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgS0₄ and evaporated in vacuo.

[00210] The final compound is obtained after purification by flash chromatography.

[00211] Alternatively, after completion of the reaction, a palladium scavenger such as 1 ,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, is added, the reaction mixture is allowed to cool down and a filtration is performed. The filter cake is reslurried in a suitable solvent (e.g. acetone), the solid is separated by filtration, washed with more acetone, and dried. The resulting solid is resuspended in water, aqueous HC1 is added, and after stirring at room temperature, the resulting solution is filtered on celite (Celpure P300). Aqueous NaOH is then added to the filtrate, and the resulting suspension is stirred at room temperature, the solid is separated by filtration, washed with water and dried by suction. Finally the cake is re-solubilised in a mixture of THF/H₂0, treated with a palladium scavenger (e.g. SMOPEX 234) at 50°C, the suspension is filtered, the organic solvents are removed by evaporation, and the resulting slurry is washed with water and methanol, dried and sieved, to obtain the desired compound as a free base.

1.2. Route 2

1.2.1. Step 1: cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-[l,2, 4]triazolo[l, 5- a] pyridin-2-yl] -amide

[00212] 4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenylboronic acid (l . l eq.) is added to a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (5-bromo-[l ,2,4]triazolo[l ,5-a]pyridin-2-yl)-amide in 1 ,4-dioxane/water

(4:1). K2CO3 (2 eq.) and PdC^dppf (0.03 eq.) are added to the solution. The resulting mixture is then heated in an oil bath at 90°C for 16h under N₂. Water is added and the solution is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgS0₄ and evaporated in vacuo. The resulting mixture is used without further purification.

1.2.2. Step 2: Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-bromomethyl-phenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5- a Jpyridin-2-ylJ -amide

[00213] To a solution of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-yl] -amide (1.0 eq) in chloroform is slowly added phosphorus tribromide (1.0 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 20 h, quenched with ice and water (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous MgSO i, filtered and concentrated to dryness. The resulting white residue is triturated in dichloromethane/diethyl ether 2:1 to afford the desired product.

1.2.3. Step 3:

[00214] Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid [5-(4-bromomethyl-phenyl)-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-amide (l eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) are dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5: 1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpho line 1,1-dioxide (1.1 eq) is added dropwise. The resulting solution is stirred at room temperature for 16h. After this time, the reaction is complete. The solvent is evaporated. The compound is dissolved in DCM, washed with water and dried over anhydrous MgSO i. Organic layers are filtered and evaporated. The final compound is isolated by column chromatography using EtOAc to afford the desired product.

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PATENT

http://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2013189771A1?cl=en

Example 1. Synthesis of the compounds

1.1. Route 1

1.1.1. Synthesis of 5-Bromo-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-ylamine (Intermediate 3)

led to 5 °C was added ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate (173.0 mL, 1.467 mol) dropwise over 15 min. The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm to room temp. (20 °C) and stirred for 16 h. Evaporation in vacuo gave a solid which was collected by filtration, thoroughly washed with petrol (3×600 mL) and air-dried to afford (2). The thiourea was used as such in the next step without any purification.

[00157] ^lH (400 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 12.03 (IH, br s, NH), 8.81 (IH, d, J 7.8 Hz, H-3), 8.15 (IH, br s, NH), 7.60 (IH, t, J 8.0 Hz, H-4), 7.32 (IH, dd, J 7.7 and 0.6 Hz, H-5), 4.31 (2H, q, J 7.1 Hz, CH₂), 1.35 (3H, t, J 7.1 Hz, CH₃).

1.1.1.2. 5-Bromo-f 1,2, 4]triazolo[ 1 ,5-a] pyridin-2-ylamine (3)

[00158] To a suspension of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (101.8 g, 1.465 mol) in EtOH/MeOH (1 : 1, 900 mL) was added NN-diisopropylethylamine (145.3 mL, 0.879 mol) and the mixture was stirred at room temp. (20 °C) for 1 h. l-(6-Bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-3-carboethoxy-thiourea (2) (89.0 g, 0.293 mol) was then added and the mixture slowly heated to reflux (Note: bleach scrubber was required to quench H₂S evolved). After 3 h at reflux, the mixture was allowed to cool and filtered to collect the precipitated solid. Further product was collected by evaporation in vacuo of the filtrate, addition of H₂0 (250 mL) and filtration. The combined solids were washed successively with H₂0 (250 mL), EtOH/MeOH (1 : 1, 250 mL) and Et₂0 (250 mL) then dried in vacuo to afford the triazolopyridine derivative (3) as a solid. The compound was used as such in the next step without any purification.

[00159] ^lH (400 MHz, DMSO-i¼) δ 7.43-7.34 (2H, m, 2 x aromatic-H), 7.24 (1H, dd, J 6.8 and 1.8 Hz, aromatic-H), 6.30 (2H, br, NH₂); m/z 213/215 (1 : 1, M+H⁺, 100%).

1.1.2. Synthesis of 4-[ 4-(4, 4, 5, 5-Tetramethyl-f 1, 3,2] ‘ dioxaborolan-2-yl) -benzyl] ‘- thiomor holine- 1, 1 -dioxide (Intermediate 4)

[00160] 2-(4-Bromomethyl-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[l,3,2]dioxaborolane (1 eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) were dissolved in DCM/MeOH (5:1 v:v) under N₂ and thiomorpholine 1,1 -dioxide (2 eq) was added portion wise. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 16h. After this time, the reaction was complete. The solvent was evaporated. The compound was extracted with EtOAc and water, washed with brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO i. Organic layers were filtered and evaporated. The final compound was isolated without further purification.

1.1.3. Synthesis of 5-[4-(l, l-Dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylmethyl)-phenyl]-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5- a ridin-2-ylamine (Formula I)

[00161] 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-[l,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzyl]-thiomorpholine-l,l-dioxide (l .leq.) was added to a solution of 5-bromo-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyrid in-2-ylamine (4: 1). K₂CO₃ (2 eq.) and PdC^dppf (0.03 eq.) were added to the solution. The resulting mixture was then heated in an oil bath at 90°C for 16h under N₂. Water was added and the solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried over anhydrous MgSC>4 and evaporated in vacuo. The final compound was obtained after purification by flash chromatography.

[00162] ^lH (400 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 7.94-7.92 (d, 2H), 7.52-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.37-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.02-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.00 (d, 2H), 3.76 (d, 2H), 3.15-3.13 (m, 4H), 2.93-2.91 (m, 4H).

[00163] m/z 358.2 (M+H⁺, 100%). 1.2. Route 2

1.2.1. Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid {5-[4-(l, l-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-ylmethyl)-phenylJ- [l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyridin-2-yl}-amide (Formula II)

[00164] The compound according to Formula II may be synthesized according to the procedure described in WO 2010/149769.

1.2.2. Synthesis of 5-[4-(l, l-Dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylmethyl)-phenyl]-[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5- aJpyridin-2-ylamine (Formula I)

[00165] The compound according to Formula I can also be produced by hydrolysis of the compound accor ing to Formula II:

[00166] Hydrochloric acid 30% aq (12.06 kg; 3.9 rel. volumes) was added to a slurry of the compound according to Formula II (3.45 kg; 1.0 equiv.) in demineralized water (10.0 kg; 3.0 rel. volumes). Subsequently, a line rinse was performed with demineralized water (3.4 kg; 1.0 rel. volumes). The reaction mixture was heated to 80±5°C for 14.5 h. After completion of the reaction (conversion > 99%>), the reaction mixture was cooled to 20±5°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with demineralized water (6.8 kg; 2.0 rel. volumes) and sodium hydroxide 33%> aq (9.52 kg; 3.7 rel volumes) was dosed at such a rate that the temperature of the reactor contents remained below 35°C. An additional amount of sodium hydroxide 33%> aq (2.55 kg; 1.0 rel. volumes) was needed to get the pH > 10. The product was filtered off, washed twice with demineralized water (1.5 rel. volumes) and dried under vacuum for 1 h, thus yielding the crude compound according to Formula I.

[00167] The crude compound according to Formula I (5.70 kg) was re-slurried in demineralized water (23.0 kg; 8.5 rel. volumes). Hydrochloric acid 30%> aq (1.65 kg; 0.7 rel. volumes) and demineralized water (4.3 kg; 1.6 rel. volumes) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20±5°C for 45 min. As the compound according to Formula I was not dissolved completely, the reaction mixture was stirred at 45±5°C for 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and the residue was washed with demineralized water (2.0 kg 0.75 rel. volumes). Sodium hydroxide 33%> aq (1.12 kg; 0.6 rel volumes) was added to the filtrate. An additional amount of sodium hydroxide 33%> aq (1.01 kg) was needed to get the pH > 10. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 20±5°C for about 3 h. The product was filtered off, washed twice with demineralized water (4.1 kg; 1.5 rel. volumes), and twice with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE; 3.0 kg; 1.5 rel. volumes) and dried under vacuum for 15.5 h on the filter. The product was further dried in a vacuum oven at 40±5°C for 202 h, thus affording the desired compound according to Formula I.

References

Filgotinib

Systematic (IUPAC) name
N-[5-[4-[(1,1-dioxo-1,4-thiazinan-4-yl)methyl]phenyl]-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]cyclopropanecarboxamide
Clinical data
Routes of administration	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	6 hours[1]
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	1206161-97-8
ATC code	L01XE18
IUPHAR/BPS	7913
ChemSpider	28189566
UNII	3XVL385Q0M
ChEMBL	CHEMBL3301607
Chemical data
Formula	C21H23N5O3S
Molecular mass	425.50402 g/mol

/////////Galapagos,  GLPG0634, Filgotinib, PHASE 2

SMILES code: O=C(C1CC1)NC2=NN3C(C4=CC=C(CN5CCS(CC5)(=O)=O)C=C4)=CC=CC3=N2