Belzutifan

CAS 1672668-24-4

383.34 g·mol^{−1  C₁₇H₁₂F₃NO₄S}

3-[[(1S,2S,3R)-2,3-difluoro-1-hydroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]oxy]-5-fluorobenzonitrile

MK-6482, PT-2977, UNII-7K28NB895L, 7K28NB895L

3-[(1S,2S,3R)-2,3-Difluoro-1-hydroxy-7-methylsulfonylindan-4-yl]oxy-5-fluorobenzonitrile

3-{[(1s,2s,3r)-2,3-Difluoro-1-Hydroxy-7-(Methylsulfonyl)-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Inden-4-Yl]oxy}-5-Fluorobenzonitrile

GTPL11251, PT 2977 [WHO-DD], BDBM373040

FDA APPROVED 8/13/2021, Welireg

To treat von Hippel-Lindau disease under certain conditions

EMA Drug Information

FDA approves belzutifan for cancers associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease

On August 13, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration approved belzutifan (Welireg, Merck), a hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor for adult patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who require therapy for associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas, or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET), not requiring immediate surgery.

Belzutifan was investigated in the ongoing Study 004 (NCT03401788), an open-label clinical trial in 61 patients with VHL-associated RCC (VHL-RCC) diagnosed based on a VHL germline alteration and with at least one measurable solid tumor localized to the kidney. Enrolled patients had other VHL-associated tumors, including CNS hemangioblastomas and pNET. Patients received belzutifan 120 mg once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

The primary efficacy endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) measured by radiology assessment, as assessed by an independent review committee using RECIST v1.1. Additional efficacy endpoints included duration of response (DoR), and time- to- response (TTR). An ORR of 49% (95% CI:36, 62) was reported in patients with VHL-associated RCC. All patients with VHL-RCC with a response were followed for a minimum of 18 months from the start of treatment. The median DoR was not reached; 56% of responders had DoR ≥ 12 months and a median TTR of 8 months. In patients with other VHL-associated non-RCC tumors, 24 patients with measurable CNS hemangioblastomas had an ORR of 63% and 12 patients with measurable pNET had an ORR of 83%. Median DoR was not reached, with 73% and 50% of patients having response durations ≥ 12 months for CNS hemangioblastomas and pNET, respectively.

The most common adverse reactions, including laboratory abnormalities, reported in ≥ 20% of patients who received belzutifan were decreased hemoglobin, anemia, fatigue, increased creatinine, headache, dizziness, increased glucose, and nausea. Anemia and hypoxia from belzutifan use can be severe. In Study 004, anemia occurred in 90% of patients and 7% had Grade 3 anemia. Patients should be transfused as clinically indicated. The use of erythropoiesis stimulating agents for treatment of anemia is not recommended in patients treated with belzutifan. In Study 004, hypoxia occurred in 1.6% of patients. Belzutifan can render some hormonal contraceptives ineffective, and belzutifan exposure during pregnancy can cause embryo-fetal harm.

The recommended belzutifan dosage is 120 mg administered orally once daily with or without food.
View full prescribing information for Welireg.

This review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence. Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among international partners. For this review, FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), Health Canada, and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) of the United Kingdom. The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.

This review used the Real-Time Oncology Review (RTOR) pilot program, which streamlined data submission prior to the filing of the entire clinical application, as well as the Assessment Aid and the Product Quality Assessment Aid, voluntary submissions from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment. The FDA approved this application approximately 1 month ahead of the FDA goal date.

This application was granted priority review for this indication. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.

Belzutifan, sold under the brand name Welireg, is a medication used for the treatment of von Hippel–Lindau disease-associated renal cell carcinoma.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]} It is taken by mouth.^[1]

The most common side effects include decreased hemoglobin, anemia, fatigue, increased creatinine, headache, dizziness, increased glucose, and nausea.^[2]

Belzutifan is an hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) inhibitor.^[1][2][7]

Belzutifan is the first drug to be awarded an “innovation passport” from the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).^[8][4] Belzutifan was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2021.^[2][9] Belzutifan is the first hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha inhibitor therapy approved in the U.S.^[9]

Medical uses

Belzutifan is indicated for treatment of adults with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who require therapy for associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas, or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET), not requiring immediate surgery.^[2]

PATENT

WO  2019191227

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2019191227A1/en

PATENT

WO 2015035223

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2015035223A1/enScheme 9

[01237] 3-r(15,25.3 ?^‘)-2.3-difluoro-l-hvdroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-4- νΠο^χν-5-fluoro-benzonitrile (Compound 289)[01238] Step A: r(15.2/?V4- -cvano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7- methylsulfonyl-indan-l -vH acetate: To a stirred solution of 3-fluoro-5-[(15,27?)-2-fluoro-l – hydroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-4-yl]oxy-benzonitrile (2.00 g, 5.47 mmol) in DCM (27 mL) was added 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (0.2 g, 1.64 mmol) and triethylamine (1.53 mL, 10.9 mmol). Acetic anhydride (1.00 mL, 10.9 mmol) was added dropwise at 0 °C under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed with saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ and brine, dried andconcentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (20-40% EtOAc/hexane) to give [(lS,2/?)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl- indan-l-yl] acetate (1.95 g, 87%). LCMS ESI (+) m/z 408 (M+H).[01239] Step B: Γ( 1 .25.35)-3-bromo-4-(3-cvano-5-fluoro-Dhenoxy)-2-fluoro- 7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l-yll acetate and f(15.25,3/?)-3-bromo-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro- phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l -yl1 acetate: To a stirred solution of [(15,2/?)-4- (3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-] -yl] acetate (1.95 g, 4.79 mmol) in 1 ,2-dichloroethane (24 mL) was added N-bromosuccinimide (0.94 g, 5.27 mmol) and 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (8 mg, 0.05 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80 °C for 3 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, washed with saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ and brine, dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (20-30% EtOAc hexane) to give [(lS,2S,3S)-3-bromo- 4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l-yl] acetate (1 .52 g, 65%). LCMS ESI (+) m/z 486, 488 (M+H). Further elution with 30-50% EtOAc/hexane gave the more polar product [(lS,2S,3/?)-3-bromo-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7- methylsulfonyl-indan-l -yl] acetate (0.583 g, 25%). LCMS ESI (+) m/z 486, 488 (M+H). [01240] Step C: rd5.2^.3 V4-(3-cvano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-3- hvdroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan- 1 -yll acetate: To a combined mixture of [(1 ,25,35)-3- bromo-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l -yl] acetate and [( 15,2S,3/?)-3-bromo-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan- 1 -yl] acetate prepared in Step B (2.05 g, 4.22 mmol) were added 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane (28 mL) and water (0.050 mL) followed by silver perchlorate hydrate (1.42 g, 6.32 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 70 °C for 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and filtered through Celite. The filtrate was washed with water and brine, dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (20-50%) to give [(15,2/?,35)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan- 1 -yl] acetate (0.416 g, 23%) as the less polar product. LCMS ESI (+) m/z 441 (M+NH₄⁺). Further elution with 60% EtOAc/hexane gave [(15,2/?,3R)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2- fluoro-3-hydroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l-yl] acetate (0.58 g, 32 %). LCMS ESI (+) m/z 441 (M+NH₄⁺).[01241] Step D: r(15.25.3/? -4-(3-cvano-5-fluoro-phenoxyV2.3-difluoro-7- methylsulfonyl-indan-l-vH acetate: To a stirred solution of [(15,2/?,35)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro- phenoxy)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l-yl] acetate (416 mg, 0.98 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added (diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride (DAST) (0.26 mL, 2.0 mmol) at – 78 °C under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 0 °C and stirred for 15 minutes. The reaction was quenched by saturated aqueous NaHC0₃. The mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (20-40% EtOAc/hexane) to give [(15,25,3/?)- 4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2,3-difluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-l -yl] acetate (310 mg, 74%). LCMS ESI (+) m/z 426 (M+H).[01242] Step E: 3-r(15.25.3^)-2.3-difluoro-l-hvdroxy-7-methylsulfonyl-indan-4-vnoxy-5-fluoro-benzonitrile (Compound 289): Prepared as described in Example 288 Step F substituting [(l ?)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-3,3-difluoro-7-methylsulfonyl-indan- 1-yl] acetate with [(15,25,3/?)-4-(3-cyano-5-fluoro-phenoxy)-2,3-difluoro-7-methylsulfonyl- indan-l-yl] acetate. LCMS ESI (+) m/z 384 (M+H); Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC1₃): δ 8.13 (d, 1H), 7.31-7.25 (m, 1 H), 7.23-7.19 (m, 1 H), 7.14-7.09 (m, 1H), 7.04 (d, 1H), 6.09-5.91 (m, 1 H), 5.87-5.80 (m, 1 H), 5.25-5.05 (m, 1H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 2.95 (d, 1H). 
PatentWO 2016145032https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016145032&tab=PCTDESCRIPTIONCOMPD 289

PATENTWO 2016145045WO 2016168510WO 2016057242WO 2019191227 

Merck Team Wins 2021 Pete Dunn Award

‎05-17-2021 10:52 AM

The ACS Green Chemistry Institute (GCI) Pharmaceutical Roundtable honors the work of Stephen Dalby, François Lévesque, Cecilia Bottecchia and Jonathan McMullen at Merck with the 2021 Peter J. Dunn Award for Green Chemistry & Engineering Impact in the Pharmaceutical Industry. The team’s innovation is titled, “Greener Manufacturing of Belzutifan (MK-6482) Featuring a Photo-Flow Bromination.”

Belzutifan is an important new drug used in the treatment of cancer and other non-oncology diseases. Acquired by Merck in 2019 through the purchase of Peloton Therapeutics, a new, greener manufacturing process for its synthesis was needed. Over the next 18 months, the team developed a more direct route from commodity chemical to API, employed new reaction conditions, particularly in the oxidation sequence, and incorporated new technology, photo-flow.

Despite this accelerated timeline, the team achieved a five-fold improvement in overall yield with a commensurate 73% reduction in process mass intensity (PMI) compared to the original route. Notably, the Merck team also developed a visible light-initiated radical bromination performed in flow. According to the L.-C. Campeau, Executive Director and Head of Process Chemistry and Discovery Process Chemistry at Merck, this is the “first example of a photo-flow reaction run on manufacturing scale at Merck and represents the linchpin of the synthesis.”

The improved process for Belzutifan, which is expected to launch this year, will reduce the waste associated with its manufacture and is aligned with Merck’s corporate sustainability goals.

“The Merck team delivered an excellent example of the application of innovative technologies to develop a more sustainable synthesis of the pharmaceutically-active compound, Belzutifan,” comments Paul Richardson, Director of Oncology and Chemical Synthesis at Pfizer and Co-Chair of the ACS GCI Pharmaceutical Roundtable. “Using the guiding principles of green chemistry, for example, in the use of catalysis and a relatively benign reaction media, further illustrate the Merck team’s work as worthy of recognition for the 2021 Peter Dunn Award.”

The award will be presented at the June 11 GC&E Friday, part of the 25th Annual Green Chemistry & Engineering Conference. During this session from 10 a.m. – 1 p.m., Stephen Dalby & Jon MacMullen will be discussing the details of this innovative process.

References

1. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/215383s000lbl.pdf
2. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f} “FDA approves belzutifan for cancers associated with von Hippel-Lindau”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
3. ^ “Belzutifan”. SPS – Specialist Pharmacy Service. 18 March 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
4. ^ Jump up to:^a b “MHRA awards first ‘innovation passport’ under new pathway”. RAPS (Press release). Retrieved 25 April 2021.
5. ^ “Merck Receives Priority Review From FDA for New Drug Application for HIF-2α Inhibitor Belzutifan (MK-6482)” (Press release). Merck. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2021 – via Business Wire.
6. ^ “FDA Grants Priority Review to Belzutifan for von Hippel-Lindau Disease–Associated RCC”. Cancer Network. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
7. ^ {{cite journal |vauthors=Choueiri TK, Bauer TM, Papadopoulos KP, Plimack ER, Merchan JR, McDermott DF, Michaelson MD, Appleman LJ, Thamake S, Perini RF, Zojwalla NJ, Jonasch E | display-authors=6 |title=Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α in renal cell carcinoma with belzutifan: a phase 1 trial and biomarker analysis |journal=Nat Med |volume= |issue= |pages= |date=April 2021 |pmid=33888901 |doi=10.1038/s41591-021-01324-7 }
8. ^ “First Innovation Passport awarded to help support development and access to cutting-edge medicines”. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (Press release). 26 February 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
9. ^ Jump up to:^a b “FDA Approves Merck’s Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2 Alpha (HIF-2α) Inhibitor Welireg (belzutifan) for the Treatment of Patients With Certain Types of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Disease-Associated Tumors” (Press release). Merck. 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021 – via Business Wire.

External links

• “Belzutifan”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
• Clinical trial number NCT04195750 for “A Study of Belzutifan (MK-6482) Versus Everolimus in Participants With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (MK-6482-005)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
• Clinical trial number NCT03401788 for “A Phase 2 Study of Belzutifan (PT2977, MK-6482) for the Treatment of Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) (MK-6482-004)” at ClinicalTrials.gov

/////////Belzutifan, Welireg, FDA 2021, APPROVALS 2021, MK 6482, PT 977, Antineoplastic

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